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1978 hitting vocal by Trevor Horn, Geoff Downes and Bruce Woolley

"Video Killed the Radio Star"
Bruce Woolley behind a horse, with the text "Bruce Woolley Video Killed the Radio Star" on the top left

Italian single release
Single by Bruce Woolley
from the album English language Garden
Released 17 June 1979[1]
Recorded 1979 (1979)
Length 2:49
Label Epic
Songwriter(s)
  • Geoff Downes
  • Trevor Horn
  • Bruce Woolley
Producer(due south) Mike Hurst
"Video Killed the Radio Star"
A cartoon version of Trevor Horn (left) and Geoff Downes (right), with the blue text "Buggles Video Killed the Radio Star" on the top

Mutual variant of the standard artwork
Unmarried by the Buggles
from the album The Age of Plastic
B-side "Kid Dynamo"
Released 7 September 1979[2]
Recorded 1979
Studio
  • Virgin'due south Townhouse (London)
  • Sarm E (London)
Genre
  • New moving ridge
  • synth-pop
Length
  • 4:13 (album version)
  • iii:25 (single version)
Label Isle
Songwriter(s)
  • Geoff Downes
  • Trevor Horn
  • Bruce Woolley
Producer(due south) The Buggles
The Buggles singles chronology
"Video Killed the Radio Star"
(1979) 		"Living in the Plastic Age"
(1980)
Music video
"Video Killed the Radio Star" on YouTube

"Video Killed the Radio Star" is a song written by Trevor Horn, Geoff Downes and Bruce Woolley in 1979. It was recorded concurrently past Bruce Woolley and the Camera Club (with Thomas Dolby on keyboards) for their album English language Garden and by British new wave/synth-popular grouping the Buggles, which consisted of Horn and Downes (and initially Woolley).

The Buggles' version of the rails was recorded and mixed in 1979, released equally their debut single on vii September 1979 by Island Records, and included on their beginning album The Age of Plastic. The backing rails was recorded at Virgin's Boondocks Firm in West London, and mixing and vocal recording was done at Sarm East Studios.

The song relates to concerns about, and mixed attitudes towards 20th-century inventions and machines for the media arts. Musically, the song performs like an extended jingle and the composition plays in the central of D-flat major in common time at a tempo of 132 beats per minute. The track has been positively received, with reviewers praising its unusual musical pop elements. Although the song includes several mutual pop characteristics and six bones chords are used in its structure, Downes and writer Timothy Warner described the piece as musically complicated, due to its utilise of suspended and small ninth chords for enhancement that gave the song a "slightly different feel."

On release, the single topped sixteen international music charts, including those in the UK, Commonwealth of australia, and Nihon. Information technology too peaked in the elevation x in Canada, Deutschland, New Zealand and South Africa, simply only reached number 40 in the US. The accompanying music video was written, directed, and edited by Russell Mulcahy. Information technology was the kickoff music video shown on MTV in the U.s., airing at 12:01a.m. on one Baronial 1981, and the start video shown on MTV Classic in the UK on 1 March 2010. The vocal has received several critical accolades, such equally being ranked number 40 on VH1's 100 Greatest One-Striking Wonders of the '80s.[3] It has also been covered past many recording artists.

Background and lyrics [edit]

The Buggles, which formed in 1977, starting time consisted of Trevor Horn, Geoff Downes and Bruce Woolley.[iv] They recorded the get-go demo of "Video Killed the Radio Star" on a Revox A77, i afternoon in 1978, in Downes' apartment located above a monumental stonemason'southward in Wimbledon Park, London.[5] [6] [vii] The piece was built up from a chorus riff adult past Woolley.[6] It is 1 of the three Buggles songs that Woolley assisted in writing, the ii others beingness "Clean, Make clean" and "On TV."[iv] A later, more than detailed demo of the song, featuring Horn's then-girlfriend Tina Charles on vocals, was recorded at Camden's Soundsuite Studios, and engineered past studio owner Peter Rackham. This demo became the blueprint for the final record, and helped the group go signed to Island Records to record and release their debut album The Age of Plastic, too every bit producing and writing for the label, after Downes' girlfriend, who worked for Island, managed to get it played to executives there.[iv] [eight] [ix] Woolley left during recording to form his ain band, The Photographic camera Social club, which did their own version of "Video", besides equally "Clean, Clean" for their album English Garden.[4]

Horn has said that J.Grand. Ballard's short story "The Sound-Sweep", in which the title character—a mute boy vacuuming upwards devious music in a globe without information technology—comes upon an opera singer hiding in a sewer, provided inspiration for "Video," and he felt "an era was nigh to pass."[10] Horn claimed that Kraftwerk was another influence of the song: "...It was similar y'all could see the future when y'all heard Kraftwerk, something new is coming, something unlike. Different rhythm section, dissimilar mentality. So we had all of that, myself and Bruce, and we wrote this song probably six months earlier we recorded it."[7] In a 2018 interview Horn stated: "I'd read JG Ballard and had this vision of the time to come where tape companies would have computers in the basement and industry artists. I'd heard Kraftwerk's The Man-Motorcar and video was coming. You could experience things irresolute".[9]

All the tracks of The Age of Plastic bargain with positives and concerns of the bear upon of modern applied science.[8] The theme of "Video Killed the Radio Star" is thus nostalgia, with the lyrics referring to a period of technological alter in the 1960s, the desire to recall the past and the disappointment that children of the electric current generation would not appreciate the past.[11] The lyrics relate to concerns of the varied behaviours towards 20th-century technical inventions and machines used and changed in media arts such as photography, movie house, radio, television, sound recording and record production.[12] According to Horn, the band initially struggled to come up upwards with a line to follow the vocal'south opening ("I heard y'all on the wireless dorsum in '52"): he somewhen came up with "Lying awake intent at tuning in on you", inspired by memories of listening to Radio Luxembourg at night as a child.[nine] Woolley worried virtually the song's name, given the beingness of a band with the name Radio Stars and a vocal titled "Video King" by vocalizer Snips.[13]

Development and composition [edit]

The Buggles' version of "Video Killed the Radio Star" is a new wave and synth-pop vocal.[14] [15] Information technology performs like an extended jingle,[14] sharing its rhythm characteristics with disco.[16] The piece plays in common fourth dimension at a bright tempo of 132 beats per infinitesimal.[17] It is in the key of D♭ major,[6] [17] and vi bones chords are used in the song'southward chord progression.[16] According to Geoff Downes, "Information technology's actually a lot more complicated slice of music than people think, for example part of the span is actually suspended chords and minor 9ths. A lot of people transcribed the song wrongly, they idea it was a directly F# chord. The song was written in D apartment. The suspended gives it a slightly unlike experience."[6] Writing in his book, Popular Music: Technology and Inventiveness: Trevor Horn and the Digital Revolution, Timothy Warner said that the "relatively quiet introduction" helping the listener notice a high amount of "tape hiss" generated through the utilize of counterpart multi-track tape recorders, too equally the timbre of the synthesized instruments, give an indication of the technical process and time of producing the song.[eighteen]

The final chorus of "Video Killed the Radio Star". At that place are instruments of electrical guitars, a bass guitar, drums, and synths bundled in the track, and the male person and female singers' accents and effects differ to give a historical and tonal dissimilarity.

Horn and Downes tried to interest labels in the vocal, but were turned downwards multiple times, including by Isle Records. Downes' then girlfriend worked for Island and was able to go the vocal listened to again. The demo concluded upward being heard by Chris Blackwell, who chose to sign the ring.[19]

The vocal took more than three months of product.[six] In 2018 Downes stated that the version that was released was rewritten from that recorded for the band's demo tape: the verses were extended and Downes contributed a new intro and middle eight, with the majority of the original song having already been written past Horn and Woolley when he joined.[nine] The instrumental rail was recorded at Virgin's Town Business firm in Westward London in twelve hours, with mixing and recording of vocals held at Sarm East Studios.[7] [8] [twenty] The unabridged song was mixed through a Trident TSM console.[viii] "Video" was the showtime runway recorded for the group'south debut LP The Age of Plastic, which cost a sum of £60,000 (equivalent to £366,202 in 2021) to produce,[twenty] and the song was mixed by Gary Langan four or five times.[8] According to Langan, "in that location was no full recall, and so we but used to starting time once more. We'd practise a mix and three or four days later Trevor would go, 'It's not happening. Nosotros need to do this and we need to do that.' The sound of the bass drum was ane of his main concerns, along with his vocal and the backing vocals. It was all about how dry and how loud they should exist in the mix without the whole affair sounding ridiculous. As it turned out, that record still had the loudest bass drum ever for its time."[viii]

The song includes instrumentation of drums, bass guitar, electric guitar, synth strings, piano, glockenspiel, marimbas and other futuristic, twinkly sounds, and vocals.[14] [half dozen] [21] [ text–source integrity? ] Downes used a Solina, Minimoog and Prophet-v to create the overdubbed orchestral parts.[6] Both the male and female voices differ to give a tonal and historical contrast.[22] When Langan was interviewed in December 2011, he believed the male vocal was recorded through either a dynamic Shure SM57, SM58, Sennheiser Doc 421, or STC 4038 ribbon microphone, and that four or five takes had to exist done.[8] The male voice echos the song's theme in the tone of the music, initially limited in bandwidth to give a "telephone" effect typical of early on broadcasts, and uses a Mid-Atlantic emphasis resembling that of British singers in the 1950s and '60s.[22] The Vox AC30 amplifier was used to attain the telephone effect, and Gary Langan says he was trying to brand information technology "loud without cut your head off", in others words make the voice audio soft. Gary Langan and Trevor Horn too tried using a bullhorn, but they found it too harsh. Langan later compressed and EQ'd the male person vocals, and he said that doing the compression for onetime-style vocal parts was a "real skill."[8] The female vocals are panned in the left and right audio channels,[8] and sound more than modern and have a New York emphasis.[22]

The unmarried version of "Video Killed the Radio Star" lasts for 3 minutes and 25 seconds. The album version plays for 4 minutes and 13 seconds, about 48 seconds longer than the single version, equally it fades into a piano and synth coda, which ends with a cursory sampling of the female vocals.[8]

Commercial functioning [edit]

"Video Killed the Radio Star" was a huge commercial success, reaching number i on 16 different national charts.[23] In the Buggles' home country, the song made its debut on the Great britain Singles Nautical chart in the tiptop 40 at number 24, on the issue dated 29 September 1979.[24] The adjacent week, the track entered into the nautical chart's height ten at number six[25] earlier topping the chart on the week of 20 Oct.[26] It was the 444th UK number-ane striking in the chart's entire archive.[23] In 2022, the single was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for UK sales and streams of 600,000 units.[2]

In Australia, "Video Killed the Radio Star" reached number ane, and for 27 years information technology held the country's record for all-time-selling single.[23] In late 1979, while the single was notwithstanding in an eight-week run at Number 1 in the charts, the single was awarded a platinum disc by Festival Records, the record's distributing visitor, for sales of over 100,000 copies in Australia.[27] The song besides made a number-one peak in France and Espana,[28] [29] where information technology was certified golden and platinum, respectively, likewise as Austria,[30] Ireland,[31] Sweden[32] and Switzerland.[33] In other parts of Europe and Oceania, "Video Killed the Radio Star" was a number-two hit in Frg and New Zealand,[34] [35] and also charted in Flanders on the Ultratop 50[36] and in the Netherlands, on the Nationale Hitparade Superlative 50 (now the Single Top 100) and Dutch Top forty.[37] [38]

"Video Killed the Radio Star" did not starting time charting in North America, however, until Nov 1979. In the United states, the song appeared on the Billboard Hot 100 and Cash Box Acme 100, barely breaking into the superlative 40 on both charts.[39] [twoscore] In a 2015 listing from Billboard, it tied with Marvin Gaye's recording of "The End of Our Road" equally the "Biggest Hot 100 Hit" at the peak of number forty.[41] "Video Killed the Radio Star" debuted at number 86 on the Billboard Hot 100 on the calendar week of x November 1979,[42] while on the Cash Box Height 100 information technology debuted at number 83 that same week.[43] It started besides at number 83 on the Canadian RPM Peak Single Chart.[44] By January 1980, it entered the top 40 at number 31,[45] and on two February made it into the pinnacle 20 at number xi.[46] Two weeks later, the vocal earned its peak in the peak 10 at number 6 and issue dated 16 February 1980.[47]

Critical reception [edit]

The vocal became a Billboard Peak Single Pick on 3 Nov 1979. The publication found the chorus tricky and too highlighted the orchestral instruments supporting the bankroll singers.[48] Although there had been a mixed review of the unmarried from Blast Hits, who found the song to be "too tidy, like vymura" (wallpaper),[49] they listed information technology in a review of The Age of Plastic every bit one of the best tracks of the album, forth with "Living in the Plastic Age".[50] Timothy Warner wrote that, although several common pop elements were still present in the song, it included stronger originality for its own purpose than most other pop hits released at the fourth dimension.[51] These unusual pop music characteristics include the timbres of the male person and female vocal parts, and the use of suspended 4th and ninths chords for enhancement in its progression.[16] He also felt it was unnecessary to dislike it every bit a "novelty song."[51] AllMusic'due south Heather Phares said the runway "can exist looked on as a perfectly preserved new wave gem," "only equally the song looks back on the radio songs of the '50s and '60s." She concluded her review past saying that it "still sounds as immediate as information technology did when it was released, nevertheless, and that may exist the song's greatest irony."[14]

Withal, many writers chosen Woolley's recording of "Video" much better than the Buggles' version.[52] [53] [54] This included one critic who called both acts overall as of existence very high quality, but felt that Woolley's version was more than faithful to the source material than that of The Buggles, noting the filtered vocals and cute, female vocals of the latter rendition equally giving it a novelty experience.[55] However, he also wrote of liking both versions of "Clean, Make clean" on the same level.

Music video [edit]

Production and concept [edit]

In a white studio, Geoff Downes is playing multiple keyboards and Trevor Horn playing a bass guitar, both wearing silver suits. A woman in a tube behind Horn is also wearing a silver costume.

Trevor Horn (right) and Geoff Downes (left) every bit they appear in the video

The music video for "Video Killed the Radio Star", written, directed and edited by Australian Russell Mulcahy,[56] [57] was produced on a upkeep of $50,000.[5] Information technology was filmed in just a day in South London,[56] and was edited in a couple of days.[57]

The video starts with a young girl sitting in front of a radio. A black-and-white shot of Trevor Horn singing into a early on radio-era microphone is superimposed over the young girl by the radio. The radio blows up by the time of the get-go chorus, then in the 2d verse, she is seen transported into the future, where she meets Horn and a silver-jumpsuited female in a clear plastic tube. Shots of Horn and Geoff Downes are shown during the remainder of the video.[58]

In that location were about thirty takes required for shots of the extra in the tube. The tube falls over in the video, although Mulcahy claims it was not intended to be shown in the last edit.[56] Hans Zimmer tin can exist briefly seen wearing blackness playing a keyboard,[58] and Debi Doss and Linda Jardim, who provided the female vocals for the song, are also seen.[59]

Broadcasting and reception [edit]

The video was first released in 1979,[60] when information technology originally aired on the BBC's Height of the Pops for promotion of the single, in lieu of doing live performances.[v] Zimmer recalled in 2001 that the video drew criticism from some viewers who watched information technology before information technology aired on MTV, due to being "'too violent' because nosotros blew up a television."[five] The video is best known as marker the debut of MTV, when the The states channel started broadcasting at 12:01 AM on 1 August 1981.[61] On 27 Feb 2000, it became the i-millionth video to be aired on MTV.[62] It also opened MTV Classic in the Great britain and Ireland. The video marked the closing of MTV Philippines before its shutdown on 15 February 2010 at 11:49 PM.[63] [64] MTV co-founder Bob Pittman said the video "fabricated an aspirational argument. We didn't expect to exist competitive with radio, merely it was certainly a sea-change kind of video."[5] In July 2013, multiple contained artists covered the song for the launch of the Television channel Pin, which launched with the music video of the cover on i August at half-dozenam.[65]

Live performances and cover versions [edit]

A notable interpretation of the tune was released in 1979 past French vocalist Ringo, using French language lyrics by Étienne Roda-Gil supplying a new title "Qui est ce grand corbeau noir ?" ("Who is this big black raven?")[66] [67] Ringo's version peaked at number eight in France.[67]

The Presidents of the Us of America recorded a comprehend of the vocal which appeared on the soundtrack of the 1998 film The Wedding ceremony Singer starring Adam Sandler.[68]

A rare live functioning of the vocal by Horn and Downes came at a ZTT showcase in 1998.[69]

In November 2006, the Producers played at their showtime gig in Camden Town. A video clip can exist seen on ZTT Records of Horn singing pb vocals and playing bass in a performance of "Video Killed the Radio Star". Tina Charles appears on a YouTube video singing 'Slave to the Rhythm' with the Producers[70] and Horn reveals that Tina was the singer and originator of the "Oh Ah-Oh Ah-Oh" part of 'Video'; fellow 5000 Volt member Martin Jay was also a session musician on The Buggles record.[71]

Robbie Williams performed the song with Trevor Horn at the BBC Electric Proms on twenty October 2009.[72]

In popular culture [edit]

In mid-2020, the song became pop amid TikTok users as a tendency to revisit celebrity death conspiracies,[73] and across the internet when a deepfake of Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin singing the song went viral on multiple social media sites.[74] [75]

Personnel [edit]

Sources:[8] [76]

  • Trevor Horn – songwriter, producer, bass, vocals (Buggles version)
  • Geoff Downes – songwriter, producer, keyboards, percussion
  • Bruce Woolley – songwriter, guitar, vocals (Bruce Woolley version)
  • Paul Robinson – drums
  • Debi Doss & Linda Jardim – backing vocals
  • Dave Birch – lead guitar
  • Gary Langan – mixer, recording
  • Hugh Padgham – recording, audio engineering
  • John Paring – mastering

Charts [edit]

Sales and certifications [edit]

Accolades [edit]

Publication/Tv set Show/Author(s) State Honor Year Rank
20 to one Australia Summit xx One Striking Wonders[96] 2006 3
Bruce Pollock United States The 7,500 Near Important Songs of 1944-2000 2005 *
Giannis Petridis Greece 2004 of the Best Songs of the Century 2003
Gilles Verlant, Thomas Caussé France 3000 Rock Classics 2009
The Guardian U.k. The Top 100 British Number 1 Singles[97] 53
Hervé Bourhis France Le Petit Livre Rock: The Juke Box Singles 1950-2009 2009 *
Les Inrockuptibles grand Indispensable Songs 2006
Mashable Usa 32 Unforgettable Music Videos[98] 2013
MSN Music Great britain All-time Vocal Titles Ever[99] 2003 19
NBC-10 United States The 30 All-time Songs of the 80s 2006 *
Pause & Play Songs Inducted into a Fourth dimension Capsule, One Track at Each Week
PopMatters The 100 All-time Songs Since Johnny Rotten Roared[100] 2003 73
Q Uk The 1010 Songs You Must Own (Q50: One-hit Wonders)[101] 2004 *
Time United States Top 10 MTV Moments[102] 2010
Time Out United Kingdom 100 Songs That Inverse History[103] 100
Triple J Hottest 100 Commonwealth of australia Hottest 100 of All Time[104] 1998 79
VH1 The states 100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders of the lxxx's[3] 2009 twoscore
100 Greatest Videos[105] 2001 79
Volume! France 200 Records that Changed the World 2008 *
Xfinity United states Elevation 10 Groundbreaking Videos[106] 10
WhatCulture! 10 Controversial Music Videos That Look Tame Today[107] 2013 *
WOXY.com The 500 All-time Modern Rock Songs of All Time 2008 348
All accolades are adapted from Acclaimed Music,[108] except if cited by an additional source.
"*" indicates the listing is unordered.

Meet besides [edit]

  • Reality Killed the Video Star, a 2009 album by Robbie Williams produced by Trevor Horn
  • "Cyberspace Killed the Video Star", a 2010 song by the Limousines
  • "Check Information technology Out", a 2010 song by will.i.am and Nicki Minaj which heavily samples the song.

No. 1 chart lists

  • List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1970s
  • List of European number-ane hits of 1980
  • List of number-one singles of 1979 (France)
  • List of number-one singles of 1979 (Republic of ireland)
  • List of number-one hits of 1980 (Italy)
  • List of number-one singles of 1980 (Kingdom of spain)
  • List of number-one singles and albums in Sweden
  • List of number-one singles from 1968 to 1979 (Switzerland)
  • List of Uk Singles Chart number ones of the 1970s
  • List of 1970s one-hit wonders in the United states of america

References [edit]

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Bibliography

  • Warner, Timothy (2003). Pop music: engineering science and creativity : Trevor Horn and the digital revolution. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN978-0-7546-3132-3.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Killed_the_Radio_Star

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